Energy QC clean AI-training-safe

European Cross

Hourly physical electricity flows across Europe's interconnectors - the actual MW moving from one bidding zone to its neighbour, per directed border, pulled from ENTSO-E's A11 cross-border XML and flattened into one clean Parquet. ENTSO-E publishes one series per DIRECTION, so each interconnector is two rows (A→B and B→A); subtract them for the net flow, or sum a zone's borders for its net import/export balance. The physical realisation behind every price spread, congestion event and market-coupling study, 2021-present.

13.2M
rows
130
zones
2021-2026
coverage
168.9 MB
download
Source
ENTSO-E
Licence
Redistributable open data
Updates
Intraday
Data through
2026-07-31
Quality
QC clean · 0 failures
Format
Apache Parquet + dictionary

Safe to train on

Built only from a named, redistributable official source under a documented open licence - not scraped web data. No copyright grey zone, no personal data. Ships machine-readable Croissant metadata (ML Commons - loads in Hugging Face / Kaggle / Google), an AI training-licence manifest documenting source, licence and provenance for your model's data governance, and a machine-readable data dictionary (drop it into an agent / RAG prompt so the model knows every column) - all inspectable before you buy.

What's included

  • Hourly physical cross-border flows (MW), ~70 major European interconnectors, 2021-present
  • zone = directed border 'EXPORTER>IMPORTER' (e.g. 'FR>BE'); both directions kept
  • Subtract the two directions for net flow; sum a zone's borders for its import/export balance
  • Covers CWE, the Nordic AC mesh + HVDC subsea cables, the Baltics, Iberia, Italy & SE-Europe
  • One row per border per hour, timestamped UTC, deduplicated; flat + partitioned (zone/year)
  • Data dictionary + load examples (pandas / DuckDB / Polars)

Schema

ColumnTypeDescriptionFilledDistinct
zone str Directed border 'EXPORTER>IMPORTER' (e.g. 'FR>BE', 'NL>DE_LU') 100.0% 130
ts timestamp (UTC) Delivery hour 100.0% 195,648
flow_mw float Physical cross-border flow in the stated direction, MW 100.0% 455,476
unit str Power unit as published by ENTSO-E (MAW = megawatt) 100.0% 1
res_min int Native resolution in minutes (typically 60) 100.0% 2

Sample & preview

Every purchase ships as Apache Parquet with a data dictionary and the full QC report. A free sample (first rows + schema) is downloadable here - confirm fit before you buy. Source: ENTSO-E (redistributable open data; attribution passes through - see our Licence).

Don't trust screenshots - drop the sample into your notebook right now.

import pandas as pd
df = pd.read_parquet("european-cross-border-flows_sample.parquet")
df.info()   # typed columns, gap-aware, ready to join
⬇ Download free Parquet sample or CSV for Excel
Coverage: 130 zones

AT>CH · AT>CZ · AT>DE_LU · AT>HU · AT>IT_NORD · AT>SI · BE>DE_LU · BE>FR · BE>NL · BG>GR · BG>RO · CH>AT · CH>DE_LU · CH>FR · CH>IT_NORD · CZ>AT · CZ>DE_LU · CZ>PL · CZ>SK · DE_LU>AT · DE_LU>BE · DE_LU>CH · DE_LU>CZ · DE_LU>DK1 · DE_LU>DK2 · DE_LU>FR · DE_LU>NL · DE_LU>NO2 · DE_LU>PL · DK1>DE_LU · DK1>DK2 · DK1>NO2 · DK1>SE3 · DK2>DE_LU · DK2>DK1 · DK2>SE4 · EE>FI · EE>LV · ES>FR · ES>PT · FI>EE · FI>SE1 · FI>SE3 · FR>BE · FR>CH · FR>DE_LU · FR>ES · FR>IT_NORD · GR>BG · GR>IT_SUD · HR>HU · HR>SI · HU>AT · HU>HR · HU>RO · HU>SI · HU>SK · IT_CALA>IT_SICI · IT_CALA>IT_SUD · IT_CNOR>IT_CSUD · IT_CNOR>IT_NORD · IT_CSUD>IT_CNOR · IT_CSUD>IT_SARD · IT_CSUD>IT_SUD · IT_NORD>AT · IT_NORD>CH · IT_NORD>FR · IT_NORD>IT_CNOR · IT_NORD>SI · IT_SARD>IT_CSUD · IT_SICI>IT_CALA · IT_SUD>GR · IT_SUD>IT_CALA · IT_SUD>IT_CSUD · LT>LV · LT>PL · LT>SE4 · LV>EE · LV>LT · NL>BE · NL>DE_LU · NL>NO2 · NO1>NO2 · NO1>NO3 · NO1>NO5 · NO1>SE3 · NO2>DE_LU · NO2>DK1 · NO2>NL · NO2>NO1 · NO2>NO5 · NO3>NO1 · NO3>NO4 · NO3>NO5 · NO3>SE2 · NO4>NO3 · NO4>SE1 · NO4>SE2 · NO5>NO1 · NO5>NO2 · NO5>NO3 · PL>CZ · PL>DE_LU · PL>LT · PL>SK · PT>ES · RO>BG · RO>HU · SE1>FI · SE1>NO4 · SE1>SE2 · SE2>NO3 · SE2>NO4 · SE2>SE1 · SE2>SE3 · SE3>DK1 · SE3>FI · SE3>NO1 · SE3>SE2 · SE3>SE4 · SE4>DK2 · SE4>LT · SE4>SE3 · SI>AT · SI>HR · SI>HU · SI>IT_NORD · SK>CZ · SK>HU · SK>PL