European Productivity
Are workers sharing in the gains? Real labour-productivity growth minus real wage growth, per European country per year. Above zero = output-per-worker outpacing pay (the 'decoupling' behind a falling labour share); below = pay outpacing productivity (unit-cost pressure). The distribution-of-gains signal economists, unions and policymakers argue over, derived from Eurostat productivity + wages + inflation. Licence-clean and AI-training-safe.
- Source
- derived
- Licence
- Redistributable open data
- Updates
- Annual
- Data through
- 2025-01-01
- Quality
- QC clean · 0 failures
- Format
- Apache Parquet + dictionary
Safe to train on
Built only from a named, redistributable official source under a documented open licence - not scraped web data. No copyright grey zone, no personal data. Ships machine-readable Croissant metadata (ML Commons - loads in Hugging Face / Kaggle / Google), an AI training-licence manifest documenting source, licence and provenance for your model's data governance, and a machine-readable data dictionary (drop it into an agent / RAG prompt so the model knows every column) - all inspectable before you buy.
What's included
- Decoupling = real productivity growth - real wage growth (pp), per country × year
- >0 = productivity outpacing pay (labour share falling); <0 = pay outpacing productivity
- Every European country, annual; joins to wages, productivity, labour-market
- Derived from Eurostat productivity + real-wage-growth; licence-clean & AI-training-safe
- Source: Eurostat (CC-BY-4.0)
Schema
| Column | Type | Description | Filled | Distinct |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| zone | str | Geo / country code (DE, FR, IT, …) | 100.0% | 30 |
| ts | timestamp (UTC) | Year | 100.0% | 25 |
| variable | str | Real productivity growth / Real wage growth / Productivity-pay gap | 100.0% | 3 |
| value | float | Annual value (% or pp) | 100.0% | 1,058 |
| unit | str | mixed - see the variable name | 100.0% | 2 |
| res_min | int | Native resolution (annual) | 100.0% | 1 |
Sample & preview
Every purchase ships as Apache Parquet with a data dictionary and the full QC report. A free sample (first rows + schema) is downloadable here - confirm fit before you buy. Source: derived (redistributable open data; attribution passes through - see our Licence).
Don't trust screenshots - drop the sample into your notebook right now.
import pandas as pd df = pd.read_parquet("european-productivity-pay-gap_sample.parquet") df.info() # typed columns, gap-aware, ready to join⬇ Download free Parquet sample or CSV for Excel
Coverage: 30 zones
AT · BE · BG · CY · CZ · DE · DK · EE · EL · ES · FI · FR · HR · HU · IE · IS · IT · LT · LU · LV · MT · NL · NO · PL · PT · RO · RS · SE · SI · SK
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The payoff to education, measured as jobs, in one clean Parquet: the employment rate for low- (ISCED 0-2), medium- (3-4) and high-education (5-8) adults aged 20-64, per European country, annual. The gap between the high- and low-education lines is the labour-market skill premium - one of the most durable structural facts in economics, and a leading signal of who gets left behind as economies digitise. Human-capital, education-policy and workforce analysts read it to size skills gaps; joins our education, wages and labour-market products on country code.
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