# Data Dictionary - European Demographics - births, deaths, life expectancy, fertility & ageing, cleaned Parquet

**Units:** vary by `series` - read the per-row `unit` column (overall: mixed (per 1000 / count / years / %)).  Times are UTC.

| column | type | description |
|---|---|---|
| `zone` | str | Geo / country code (DE, FR, NL, …) |
| `ts` | timestamp (UTC) | Year |
| `series` | str | Birth/death rate · births/deaths · life expectancy · fertility · median age · old-age dependency |
| `value` | float | Rate (per 1,000) or count |
| `unit` | str | Unit |
| `res_min` | int | Native resolution (annual) |

*Source: Eurostat (European Commission).*